Paul moves his focus in this section to the theme of unity and reconciliation, emphasizing how Christ has brought peace between Jews and Gentiles. He begins by reminding the Gentile believers of their former state, describing them as "Gentiles in the flesh" and "uncircumcised" (Ephesians 2:11). They were once "separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world" (Ephesians 2:12). This stark portrayal highlights the spiritual and social alienation they experienced before knowing Christ.

The turning point comes with the phrase "But now in Christ Jesus," signifying a dramatic change. Paul explains that those who were "once far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ" (Ephesians 2:13). This powerful imagery conveys the idea of reconciliation and inclusion. The sacrificial death of Jesus breaks down the barriers that once separated Gentiles from the Jewish people and, more importantly, from God. It's a profound declaration of the inclusivity of the gospel, where all are welcome regardless of their history or background.

Paul elaborates on this by stating, "For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility" (Ephesians 2:14). The "dividing wall" refers to the deep-seated division and animosity between Jews and Gentiles. In the context of the temple in Jerusalem, a literal wall separated the Court of the Gentiles from the inner courts where Jews worshiped. Paul metaphorically uses this imagery to illustrate how Christ's death has abolished such divisions. Through His sacrifice, Jesus has "abolished the law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace" (Ephesians 2:15). This means that the old divisions and distinctions have been nullified, creating a new, unified body of believers.

The culmination of this reconciliation is described in verse 18: "For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father." This is a powerful affirmation that through Christ, both Jews and Gentiles have equal access to God, united by the same Spirit. It underscores the universal nature of the gospel and the breaking down of all barriers that separate people from God and each other. This passage calls believers to embrace this unity, live in harmony, and reflect the peace that Christ has established. It's a reminder that our faith supersedes cultural, racial, and social boundaries, uniting us as one body in Christ.